microRNA Expression Array Analysis

GenoExplorer™ microRNA array products enable you to perform miRNA assays and analyses in your own laboratories. The microarray platform is flexible and compatible with most hybridization chambers and microarray scanners. The products are highly sensitive and reproducible, and provide the latest updated miRNA information.

Full Service miRNA Expression Analysis

To meet the growing demands of receiving high quality experimental data in a short time, GenoSensor provides full service microRNA expression analyses. Our experienced technical staff combined with robust experimental pipelines ensures high quality results with a fast turnaround. You can save time and money by sending your projects in for experienced handling in our laboratories.

GenoSensor’s sample-in and data-out services include database selection, probe design and synthesis, GenoExplorer™ microRNA chip fabrications, RNA labeling and processing, on-chip hybridization, post-hyb processes, chip scanning, chip gridding, data crunching, preliminary data analysis and data reports. Customers only provide the RNA samples and will receive the final experiment data.

Background

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a group of small non-coding RNA molecules (19 – 23 nt) that are widely expressed in a variety of organisms in Eukaryotes and believed to negatively regulate their target transcripts. Primary miRNAs (pri-miRNAs) are much longer, they can be as long as 1000 nt, and are initially transcribed in the nucleus. They are processed into 60 – 110 nt pre-miRNAs by the dsRNA-specific RNase Drosha. The hairpin-structured pre-miRNAs are then transported to the cytoplasm and further cleaved by Dicer – a RNase III like enzyme, to a mature form of miRNAs. Mature miRNAs are 19 – 23 nt and functionally active. The single stranded miRNAs bind to their target transcripts associated with the RNA-Induced Silencing Complex (RISC) to participate in RNA interference (RNAi) regulation.

Model for miRNA Biogenesis miRNA genes are transcribed to the primary transcripts, referred to as pri-miRNAs, which are polycistronic or monocistronic. The pri-miRNAs are processed into 60 – 110 nt pre-miRNAs by the dsRNA-specific RNase Drosha. The hairpin-structured pre-miRNAs are then exported to the cytoplasm and further cleaved by Dicer to an ~21 nt mature form of miRNAs. Mature miRNAs bind their mRNA targets associated with RNA-Induced Silencing Complex (RISC), and silence the gene expression.

There are two models for microRNA binding and gene regulations. In plants, miRNAs bind to mRNA targets by perfect or nearly perfect complementarity, and cleave the target molecules. In animals, in contrast, most miRNA-mRNA pairings are not completely complementary, resulting in translation repression or arrest without degrading the mRNA targets.

Many studies have demonstrated the involvement of miRNAs in gene regulation, cell differentiation and tissue development. MiRNAs present differential spatial and temporal expression patterns. The proposed functions of miRNAs are diverse. They may be involved in regulation of mRNA stability and translation, heterochromatin formation, genome rearrangement, and DNA excision. miRNAs may represent a new aspect of gene regulation, and much more attention has been attracted to their expression profiles, targets, and mechanisms of action.

So far hundreds of miRNA sequences have been identified in C. elegans, Drosophila, mouse, and humans. Researchers have started to investigate the roles of miRNAs in signaling pathways and gene expression regulation in the areas of developmental biology, neurological sciences, cancer, apoptosis, and immune response.

GenoExplorer™ microRNA array full kit provides a complete and easy-to-use kit with selective labeling procedure using total RNA (no enrichment required!) combined with a highly sensitive and reproducible assay. The arrays contain not only mature but precursor probes as well.

GenoExplorer™ microRNA array labeling kit directly labels RNA molecules resulting in a highly effective and selective labeling method (no enrichment required!) for both animals and plants.

GenoExplorer™ microRNA array chip is composed of mature and precursor miRNA sequences and probes that covalently bind onto a 3-D matrix slide.

GenoExplorer™ microRNA array probe set contains both mature and precursor miRNA sequences as well as multiple positive and negative controls.

GenoExplorer™ miRNA qRT-PCR kit uses SYBR Green-based PCR analysis. The kit is easy to use and designed for most PCR instrument.

Other reagents related to miRNA expression analysis include hybridization buffer, washing solutions, and probe printing buffer.

Customized arrays

Custom GenoExplorer™ miRNA microarrays help you build customized miRNA arrays, such as the known miRNA sequences and genome-wide predicted miRNA sequences. If you have your own miRNA sequences or would like custom sequences built into arrays, our custom array is the way to go.

Assay performance and technical bulletins provide experiment data on product performance

General information about the product kits describes product design and assay performance

Probe list on arrays (for Catalog 1100C’s, 1200C’s and 1400C’s representing Sanger miRBase)

General information about full service describes product design and assay performance. Full service data output format demonstrates data output and format

Full service data output format demonstrates data output and format

Selected recent publications (GenoSensor reference):

• C Li et al. MicroRNA-29b-2-5p inhibits cell proliferation by directly targeting Cbl-b in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma. BMC Cancer. 2018; 18:681-94

• Ji-Su Mo et al. MicroRNA 429 Regulates Mucin Gene Expression
and Secretion in Murine Model of Colitis. J Crohn’s Colitis 2016; Jan; 837-49

• Kim JM et al. Inhibition of Let7c microRNA is neuroprotective in a rat intracerebral hemorrhage model. PLoS One. 2014; Jun 24;9(6):e97946.

• Colin C. Pritchard et al. MicroRNA profiling: approaches and considerations. Nature 2012; 13:358-69

• Park JH et al. Murine hepatic miRNAs expression and regulation of gene expression in diet-induced obese mice. Mol. Cells 2011; 31:33-38.

• Foss KM et al. miR-1254 and miR-574-5p: serum-based microRNA biomarkers for early-stage non-small cell lung cancer. J Thoracic Oncol 2011; 6(3):482-8.

• Arora S et al. MicroRNA-328 is associated with (non-small) cell lung cancer (NSCLC) brain metastasis and mediates NSCLC migration. Intl J Cancer 2011; 128(11): Mar 29.

• Leeper NJ et al. MicroRNA-26a is a novel regulator of vascular smooth muscle cell function. J Cellular Physiol 2011; 226(4):1035-43.

• Lu C and Souret F. High-throughput approaches for miRNA expression analysis. Plant MicroRNAs 2010; 592:107-25.

• Mouillet JF et al. MiR-205 silences MED1 in hypoxic primary human trophoblasts. FASEB J 2010; 24(6):2030-9.

• Ranade AR et al. MicroRNA 92a-2*: a biomarker predictive for chemoresistance and prognostic for survival in patients with small cell lung cancer. J Thoracic Oncol 2010; 5(8):1273-8.

• Li G et al. Modulation of inflammatory markers by miR-146a during replicative senescence in trabecular meshwork cells. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 2010; Jan 6

• Hanoun N et al. The silencing of microRNA 148a production by DNA hypermethylation is an early event in pancreatic cancinogenesis. Clin Chem 2010; Apr 29

• Liang Z et al. Involvement of miR-326 in chemotherapy resistance of breast cancer. Biochem Pharmacol 2010; 79(6):817-24

• Igoucheva O and Alexeev V MicroRNA-dependent regulation of cKit in cutaneous melanoma. Biochem Biophys Res Comm 2009; 379(3):790-4.

• Liu X et al. MicroRNA-222 regulates cell invasion by targeting matrix metalloproteinase 1 (MMP1) and manganese superoxide dismutase 2 (SOD2) in tongue squamous cell carcinoma cell lines. Cancer Genomics Proteomics 2009; 6(3):131-9.

• Nasser S et al. Identifying miRNA and imaging features associated with metastasis of lung cancer to the brain. IEEE 2009

• Blow N. Small RNAs: biology’s brave new world. Nature Methods 2009; 6(3):232-5.

• Liu X et al. microRNA-138 suppresses invasion and promotes apoptosis in head and neck squamous cell carcin. Cancer Lett2009; 286(2):217-22

• Lee S-O et al. MicroRNA15a modulates expression of the cell-cycle regulator Cdc25A and affects hepatic cystogenesis in a rat model of polycystic kidney diseases. J Clin Invest 2008; 18(11):3714-24

• Chang SS et al. miRNA alterations inhead and neck squamous cell carcinoma. Int J Cancer 2008; 123,2791-7

• Park CS and Tang SJ. Regulation of microRNA Expression by Induction of Bidirectional Synaptic Plasticity. J Mol Neurosci. 2008; Nov 8

• Goff LA et al. The analysis of microRNAs in stem cells. Stem Cell Res Therap 2008; 1:141-67.

• Chang HY et al. Microarray analysis of stem cells and their differentiation. Essential stem cell methods 2008; Chapter 12.

• Chen X-M et al. A cellular miRNA, let-7i, regulates toll-like receptor 4 expression and contributes to cholangiocyte immune responses against Cryptosporidium parvum infection. J. Biol. Chem. 2007; July 27

• Baroukh N etc. MicroRNA-124a regulates Foxa2 expression and intracellular signaling in pancreatic beta -cells lines. J Biol Chem 2007; Apr 26

• Donker RB et al. The expression of argonaute2 and related microRNA biogenesis proteins in normal and hypoxic trophoblasts. Mol Hum Reprod 2007; 13(4):273-9.

• Mott JL et al. Mir-29 regulates Mcl-1 protein expression and apoptosismer-29 downregulates Mcl-1. Oncogene 2007; 26:6133-40.

• Weston MD et al. MicroRNA gene expression in the mouse inner ear.
Brain Res 2006; 1111(1)95-104

Publications

• Chen X-M et al. 2007. A cellular miRNA, let-7i, regulates toll-like receptor 4 expression and contributes to cholangiocyte immune responses against Cryptosporidium parvum infection. J. Biol. Chem. July 27.
• Baroukh N etc. 2007. MicroRNA-124a regulates Foxa2 expression and intracellular signaling in pancreatic beta -cells lines. J Biol Chem Apr 26.
• Weston MD et al. 2006 MicroRNA gene expression in the mouse inner ear. Brain Res 1111(1)95-104
• Tsuchiya S. et al. MicroRNA: Biogenetic and Functional Mechanisms and Involvements in Cell Differentiation and Cancer. J Pharmacol Sci. 2006 Aug;101(4):267-70.
• Lee CT et al. MicroRNAs in mammalian development. Birth Defects Res C Embryo Today. 2006 Jun;78(2):129-39.
• Sarnow P. et al. MicroRNAs: expression, avoidance and subversion by vertebrate viruses.
  Nat Rev Microbiol. 2006 Sep;4(9):651-9.
• Shivdasani RA. MicroRNAs: regulators of gene expression and cell differentiation. Blood. 2006 Aug 1.
• Di Leva G, Calin GA, Croce CM. MicroRNAs: fundamental facts and involvement in human diseases. Birth Defects Res C Embryo Today. 2006 Jun;78(2):180-9.
• Cao X. et al. Noncoding RNAs in the mammalian central nervous system. Annu Rev Neurosci. 2006;29:77-103.
• le Sage C, Agami R. Immense promises for tiny molecules: uncovering miRNA functions.
  Cell Cycle. 2006 Jul;5(13):1415-21.
• Hossain A. et al. Mir-17-5p Regulates Breast Cancer Cell Proliferation by Inhibiting Translation of AIB1 mRNA. Mol Cell Biol. 2006 Aug 28.
• Kutay H. et al. Downregulation of miR-122 in the rodent and human hepatocellular carcinomas. J Cell Biochem. 2006 Jun 30.
• Kim HK. et al. Muscle-specific microRNA miR-206 promotes muscle differentiation. J Cell Biol. 2006 Aug 28;174(5):677-87.
• Thompson BJ, Cohen SM. The Hippo Pathway Regulates the bantam microRNA to Control Cell Proliferation and Apoptosis in Drosophila. Cell. 2006 Aug 25;126(4):767-74.
• Biemar F. et al. Comprehensive identification of Drosophila dorsal-ventral patterning genes using a whole-genome tiling array. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2006 Aug 22;103(34):12763-8.
• Pauley KM. et al. Formation of GW bodies is a consequence of microRNA genesis. EMBO Rep. 2006 Sep;7(9):904-10.
• Mlotshwa S. et al. Floral patterning defects induced by Arabidopsis APETALA2 and microRNA172 expression in Nicotiana benthamiana. Plant Mol Biol. 2006 Jul;61(4-5):781-93.
• Thomson JM. et al. Extensive post-transcriptional regulation of microRNAs and its implications for cancer. Genes Dev. 2006 Aug 15;20(16):2202-7.
• Dews M. et al. Augmentation of tumor angiogenesis by a Myc-activated microRNA cluster.
  Nat Genet. 2006 Sep;38(9):1060-5.
• Palakodeti D. et al. MicroRNAs from the Planarian Schmidtea mediterranea: A model system for stem cell biology. RNA. 2006 Sep;12(9):1640-9.
• Waterhouse PM, Fusaro AF. Plant science. Viruses face a double defense by plant small RNAs. Science. 2006 Jul 7;313(5783):54-5.
• Weber F. et al. A Limited Set of Human MicroRNA Is Deregulated in Follicular Thyroid Carcinoma. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2006 Sep;91(9):3584-91.
• Weston MD et al. MicroRNA gene expression in the mouse inner ear. Brain Res 2006 1111(1)95-104.

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